What is demand-side management (DSM) and give an example?

What is demand-side management (DSM) and give an example?

• A. A Program to Increase Energy Consumption During Peak Periods
• B. A Policy to Export Energy to the Grid During Low Demand
• C. A System to Monitor Only Energy Generation, Not Usage
• D. Programs to Reduce or Shift Energy Use During Peak Periods; Example: Occupancy-Based HVAC Control or Time-of-Use Rates

Answer: (D)

Demand-side management is about influencing when and how much energy people use so peak demand is reduced or shifted to off-peak times. The aim is to flatten the demand curve, make the grid more efficient, and avoid costly peak-generation power plants. An example is occupancy-based HVAC control, which automatically adjusts heating or cooling based on whether spaces are occupied, or time-of-use rates that encourage users to run appliances during off-peak, lower-cost periods. This approach contrasts with increasing energy use during peaks, exporting energy during low demand, or focusing only on monitoring generation without addressing how or when energy is used.

Demand-side management is about influencing when and how much energy people use so peak demand is reduced or shifted to off-peak times. The aim is to flatten the demand curve, make the grid more efficient, and avoid costly peak-generation power plants. An example is occupancy-based HVAC control, which automatically adjusts heating or cooling based on whether spaces are occupied, or time-of-use rates that encourage users to run appliances during off-peak, lower-cost periods. This approach contrasts with increasing energy use during peaks, exporting energy during low demand, or focusing only on monitoring generation without addressing how or when energy is used.